{VERSION 6 0 "IBM INTEL NT" "6.0" } {USTYLETAB {CSTYLE "Maple Input" -1 0 "Courier" 0 1 255 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 }{CSTYLE "2D Math" -1 2 "Times" 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 }{CSTYLE "2D Output" 2 20 "" 0 1 0 0 255 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 } {CSTYLE "" -1 256 "" 0 1 0 0 255 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 }{PSTYLE "Norma l" -1 0 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "Times" 1 12 0 0 0 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 } 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 2 0 1 }{PSTYLE "Heading 1" -1 3 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "Times" 1 18 0 0 0 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 }1 1 0 0 8 4 1 0 1 0 2 2 0 1 }{PSTYLE "Heading 2" -1 4 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "Times" 1 14 0 0 0 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 }1 1 0 0 8 2 1 0 1 0 2 2 0 1 }{PSTYLE "Maple Outpu t" -1 11 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "Times" 1 12 0 0 0 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 } 3 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 2 0 1 }{PSTYLE "Maple Plot" -1 13 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "Times" 1 12 0 0 0 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 }3 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 2 0 1 }{PSTYLE "Heading 1" -1 256 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "Times New Roman \+ CE" 1 18 0 0 0 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 }3 1 0 0 8 4 1 0 1 0 2 2 0 1 } {PSTYLE "Normal" -1 257 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "Times" 1 12 0 0 0 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 }3 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 2 0 1 }} {SECT 0 {EXCHG {PARA 256 "" 0 "" {TEXT 256 9 "FCH - B08" }}}{SECT 1 {PARA 3 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 33 "Maxwellovo-Boltzmannovo rozd\354len\355" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 107 "Ur\350ete nejpravd\354podobn\354j\232 \355, pr\371m\354rnou a st\370edn\355 kvadratickou rychlost molekul du s\355ku p\370i pokojov\351 teplot\354. " }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 8 "restart;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 31 "p:=a*v^2*exp(-1/2*m*v^2/(k*T));" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>% \"pG*(%\"aG\"\"\")%\"vG\"\"#F'-%$expG6#,$*,F*!\"\"%\"mGF'F)F*%\"kGF0% \"TGF0F0F'" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 53 "s:=int(p,v=0. .infinity) assuming T>0 and k>0 and m>0;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"sG,$*,\"\"#!\"\"%\"aG\"\"\"F'#F*F'*(%\"mGF*%\"kGF(%\"TGF(#! \"$F'%#PiGF+F*" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 16 "a:=solve( s=1,a);" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"aG*(*(%\"mG\"\"\"%\"kG! \"\"%\"TGF*#\"\"$\"\"#F.#F(F.%#PiG#F*F." }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 56 "vp:=int(v*p,v=0..infinity) assuming T>0 and k>0 and m >0;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#vpG,$*0\"\"#\"\"\"*(%\"mGF(% \"kG!\"\"%\"TGF,#\"\"$F'F'#F(F'%#PiG#F,F'F*!\"#F+F'F-F'F(" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 65 "vsq:=sqrt(int(v^2*p,v=0..infinity) \+ assuming T>0 and k>0 and m>0);" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%$v sqG*&\"\"$#\"\"\"\"\"#*(%\"mG!\"\"%\"kGF(%\"TGF(F'" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 30 "vmax:=solve(diff(p,v)=0,v)[2];" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%%vmaxG*(%\"mG!\"\"\"\"##\"\"\"F(*(F&F*%\"kGF* %\"TGF*F)" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 46 "vp:=simplify(v p) assuming m>0 and k>0 and T>0;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>% #vpG,$*.\"\"#\"\"\"%\"mG#!\"\"F'%\"kG#F(F'%\"TGF-F'F-%#PiGF*F(" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 32 "vsq:=simplify(vsq) assuming \+ m>0;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%$vsqG*(\"\"$#\"\"\"\"\"#%\"m G#!\"\"F)*&%\"kGF(%\"TGF(F'" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 34 "vmax:=simplify(vmax) assuming m>0;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%%vmaxG*(%\"mG#!\"\"\"\"#F)#\"\"\"F)*&%\"kGF+%\"TGF+F*" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 45 "NA:=6.023e23; R:=8.314; k:=R /NA; m:=0.028/NA;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#NAG$\"%Bg\"#? " }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"RG$\"%9$)!\"$" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"kG$\"+G_P!Q\"!#K" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"mG$\"+!4Y)[Y!#N" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 7 "T:=298;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"TG\"$)H" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 18 "plot(p,v=0..1000);" }}{PARA 13 "" 1 "" {GLPLOT2D 814 814 814 {PLOTDATA 2 "6%-%'CURVESG6$7Y7$$\"\"!F)F(7$ $\"3GLLL3x&)*3\"!#;$\"3!=xj,3/#)f$!#B7$$\"3ammm;arz@F-$\"3k&pA5['QO9!# A7$$\"3z***\\7y%*z7$F-$\"3A.*>N/P'\\HF67$$\"31LL$e9ui2%F-$\"3!4n&oq<%) *)\\F67$$\"3Ommm\"z_\"4iF-$\"3&Rd]X#H^V6!#@7$$\"3gmmmT&phN)F-$\"3S)[#3 %fvZ.#FF7$$\"3GLLe*=)H\\5!#:$\"3%e?bxq&GOJFF7$$\"3[mm\"z/3uC\"FO$\"3xP 4'*y=&)>VFF7$$\"3u***\\7LRDX\"FO$\"3w%[Hbtgpn&FF7$$\"3Ymm\"zR'ok;FO$\" 3o\"oI`DOG=(FF7$$\"3y***\\i5`h(=FO$\"3g(G3+Wbcu)FF7$$\"3YLLL3En$4#FO$ \"3@B?X(*oCP5!#?7$$\"3emm;/RE&G#FO$\"3kwyCa9by6Feo7$$\"3-+++D.&4]#FO$ \"3T_E)>dL:L\"Feo7$$\"3y*****\\PAvr#FO$\"3))*=eB^n[Z\"Feo7$$\"3;+++v'H i#HFO$\"3%=FI2B!***f\"Feo7$$\"3Imm\"z*ev:JFO$\"3&H%o`'z*H+Feo7$$\"33m;HK5S_QFO$\"3G:wS%)4)[%>Feo7$$\" 3yKLL$Q*o]RFO$\"3)Q[SeaQ'e>Feo7$$\"3Wm;H#GF&eSFO$\"3sl_W$3l&o>Feo7$$\" 35++D\"=lj;%FO$\"3#>B;VIaJ(>Feo7$$\"3I++]iB0pUFO$\"3O4O&[&*eE(>Feo7$$ \"3%****\\PaRFeo7$$\"3cm;zWG))yWFO$\"3)3P_N16u&>Feo7 $$\"3?LL$e9Ege%FO$\"3D'GwO3)eU>Feo7$$\"3SLLeR\"3Gy%FO$\"3%>i1K1QQ!>Feo 7$$\"3amm;/T1&*\\FO$\"39+.X'=wn%=Feo7$$\"3Lmm\"zRQb@&FO$\"3E@%3^f.Hx\" Feo7$$\"34***\\(=>Y2aFO$\"3%)QD$Q&3S)p\"Feo7$$\"3lmm;zXu9cFO$\"3()Gr%p RH$4;Feo7$$\"3%)******\\y))GeFO$\"3\"\\&GR)HT,^\"Feo7$$\"3t****\\i_QQg FO$\"3];6J]qB39Feo7$$\"3?***\\7y%3TiFO$\"3Ot_([!z)pI\"Feo7$$\"3k****\\ P![hY'FO$\"3sFuo-\")f$>\"Feo7$$\"3yKLL$Qx$omFO$\"3gZ_RzH]#4\"Feo7$$\"3 E+++v.I%)oFO$\"335?xR>Lp)*FF7$$\"3klm\"zpe*zqFO$\"3-E1#H9t\\%*)FF7$$\" 3I+++D\\'QH(FO$\"3yyH4pHczzFF7$$\"3#>L$e9S8&\\(FO$\"33K3njoc@rFF7$$\"3 0++D1#=bq(FO$\"3a3FxE)3EG'FF7$$\"3!GLL$3s?6zFO$\"3miNyyPABbFF7$$\"3=** *\\7`Wl7)FO$\"3?jHp3Lw%z%FF7$$\"3\"ommm'*RRL)FO$\"3)QJ0+\\Uz:%FF7$$\"3 emm;a<.Y&)FO$\"3e[ol'y$[rNFF7$$\"3;LLe9tOc()FO$\"3'*)G\"Rlk]_IFF7$$\"3 %*******\\Qk\\*)FO$\"3kRfhfx2GEFF7$$\"3;LL$3dg6<*FO$\"3G]tpT6s*>#FF7$$ \"3OmmmmxGp$*FO$\"3UM%Q$pvXl=FF7$$\"3K***\\7oK0e*FO$\"3/_vBjvlb:FF7$$ \"3w***\\(=5s#y*FO$\"3ko\\0.,5+8FF7$$\"%+5F)$\"3eC3Ycral5FF-%'COLOURG6 &%$RGBG$\"#5!\"\"F(F(-%+AXESLABELSG6$Q\"v6\"Q!Fc]l-%%VIEWG6$;F(Fd\\l%( DEFAULTG" 1 2 0 1 10 0 2 9 1 4 2 1.000000 45.000000 45.000000 0 0 "Cur ve 1" }}}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 21 "evalf([vmax,vp,vsq ]);" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#7%$\"+[Mx1U!\"($\"+=b$ou%F&$\"+ 4UA_^F&" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 3 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 17 "Rychlost molekul " }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 137 "Vypo\350\355tejte kolik procent dus\355ku a vod\355ku m \341 p\370i teplot\354 298 K vy\232\232\355 rychlost ne\236 je rychlos t zvuku ve vzduchu (330 m/s). [75 % a 99.3%]" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 8 "restart;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 31 "p:=a*v^2*exp(-1/2*m*v^2/(k*T));" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"pG*(%\"aG\"\"\")%\"vG\"\"#F'-%$expG6#,$*,F*!\"\"%\"mGF'F)F*%\"k GF0%\"TGF0F0F'" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 53 "s:=int(p, v=0..infinity) assuming T>0 and k>0 and m>0;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"sG,$*,\"\"#!\"\"%\"aG\"\"\"F'#F*F'*(%\"mGF*%\"kGF(% \"TGF(#!\"$F'%#PiGF+F*" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 16 "a :=solve(s=1,a);" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"aG*(*(%\"mG\"\" \"%\"kG!\"\"%\"TGF*#\"\"$\"\"#F.#F(F.%#PiG#F*F." }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> \+ " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 58 "podil:=int(p,v=v0..infinity) assuming T>0 and \+ k>0 and m>0;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%&podilG,$*,,(**)%\"m G#\"\"$\"\"#\"\"\"F-#F.F-%#v0GF.-%$expG6#,$*,F-!\"\"F*F.F0F-%\"kGF6%\" TGF6F6F.F6*,F*F.%#PiGF/-%$erfG6#,$*.F-F6F-F/F*F/F7#F6F-F8F@F0F.F.F.F7F /F8F/F.**F:F/F*F.F7F/F8F/F6F.F7F@F8F@F:F@F*F6F6" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> \+ " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 45 "NA:=6.023e23; R:=8.314; k:=R/NA; m:=0.028/NA; " }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#NAG$\"%Bg\"#?" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"RG$\"%9$)!\"$" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6 #>%\"kG$\"+G_P!Q\"!#K" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"mG$\"+!4Y )[Y!#N" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 16 "T:=298; v0:=330; " }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"TG\"$)H" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#v0G\"$I$" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 13 "evalf(podil);" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#$\"+e&fkX(!#5" }} }{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 3 "" 0 " " {TEXT -1 31 "Vliv tlaku na teplotu t\341n\355 vody" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 " " {TEXT -1 177 "\nV trojn\351m bod\354 vody p\370i teplot\354 0,01 \+ \260C je rovnov\341\236n\375 tlak par 611 Pa. Vypo\350\355tejte teplot u t\341n\355 ledu za tlaku 10 MPa. K disposici m\341te n\341sleduj\355 c\355 data pro vodu v trojn\351m bod\354:" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 163 "Delta H(t\341n\355) = 6,009 kJ/mol, hustoty vody a ledu jsou 1 g /cm^3 a 0,917 g/cm^3. P\370i v\375po\350tu p\370edpokl\341dejte nez \341vislost Delta H(t\341n\355) a Delta V(t\341n\355) na teplot\354. \+ " }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 14 "[t = -0,73 \260C]" }}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 4 "Data" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 8 "r estart;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 84 "Tt:=0.01+273.15; pt:=611; p1:= 10e6; DH:=6009.; rho_l:=1000.; rho_s:=917.; M:=0.018;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#TtG$\"&;t#!\"#" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 " " {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#ptG\"$6'" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#p1G $\"#5\"\"'" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#DHG$\"%4g\"\"!" }} {PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%&rho_lG$\"%+5\"\"!" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%&rho_sG$\"$<*\"\"!" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"MG$\"#=!\"$" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" } }}}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 6 "\330e\232en\355" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 24 "DV:=M*(1/rho_l-1/rho_s);" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#DVG$!+QdAH;!#:" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 44 "p:=pt+int(DH/(T*DV),T=Tt..T1) assuming T1>0;" }} {PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"pG,&$\"+3C8p?\"\"\"F(*&$\"+;]D)o$ \"\"!F(-%#lnG6#%#T1GF(!\"\"" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 19 "T1:=solve(p=p1,T1);" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#T1G$\"+r U?CF!\"(" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 14 "t1:=T1-273.15; " }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#t1G$!(HdH(!\"(" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 3 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 28 "V\375po\350et tlaku nasycen\375ch par" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 143 "Odhadn\354te tlak nasycen\375ch par vody p\370i 200 \260 C, zn\341te-li teplotu norm\341ln\355ho bodu varu t_nbv = 100 \260C. D al\232\355 pot\370ebn\341 data naleznete v tabulk\341ch." }}{PARA 0 " " 0 "" {TEXT -1 32 "[ Hodnota z tabulek je 1,55 MPa]" }}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 4 "Data" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 8 "restart;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 64 "R:=8.314; M:=0 .018; T1:=200+273.15; Tnbv:=373.15; pnbv:=101325.;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 " " {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"RG$\"%9$)!\"$" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6# >%\"MG$\"#=!\"$" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#T1G$\"&:t%!\"#" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%%TnbvG$\"&:t$!\"#" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%%pnbvG$\"'D85\"\"!" }}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 15 "Z trojn\351ho bodu" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 20 "Tt:=263.14; pt:=611;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#TtG $\"&9j#!\"#" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#ptG\"$6'" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 22 "r1:=ln(pnbv)=A-B/Tnbv;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#r1G/$\"+X)3E:\"!\"),&%\"AG\"\"\"*&$\"+Xu))zE !#7F+%\"BGF+!\"\"" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 18 "r2:=ln (pt)=A-B/Tt;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#r2G/-%#lnG6#\"$6',& %\"AG\"\"\"*&$\"+=%e-!Q!#7F,%\"BGF,!\"\"" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 21 "solve(\{r1,r2\},\{A,B\});" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#<$/%\"AG$\"+)zR^P#!\")/%\"BG$\"+\\U(=c%!\"'" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 10 "assign(%);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 19 "evalf(exp(A-B/T1));" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#$\"+H!3BM\"!\"$" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 18 "Z v\375parn\351 enta lpie" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 11 "DH:=40650.;" }} {PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#DHG$\"&]1%\"\"!" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 43 "r1:=ln(p1/pnbv)=int(DH/(R*T^2),T=Tnbv..T1); " }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#r1G/-%#lnG6#,$*&$\"+nEBp)*!#:\" \"\"%#p1GF.F.$\"+P()GpF!\"*" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 13 "solve(r1,p1);" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#$\"+#))eeh\"!\"$ " }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 " " 0 "" {TEXT -1 20 "Z Antoineovy rovnice" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 39 "Aa:=7.196210; Ba:=1730.63; Ca:=233.426;" }}{PARA 11 " " 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#AaG$\"(5i>(!\"'" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#BaG$\"'jI%#CaG$\"'E MB!\"$" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 26 "r1:=log10(p)=Aa-B a/(t+Ca);" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#r1G/*&-%#lnG6#%\"pG\" \"\"-F(6#\"#5!\"\",&$\"(5i>(!\"'F+*&$\"'jI " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 24 "fsolve(subs(t=200. ,r1));" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#$\"+!\\!*pf\"!\"'" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#$\"+!\\!*pf\"!\"'" }}}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 3 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 16 "Satura\350n\355 metoda" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 146 "Jednou \+ z metod pro m\354\370en\355 tlaku nasycen\375ch par (vhodnou pro m\341 lo t\354kav\351 l\341tky) je satura\350n\355 metoda. P\370i n\355 se m \354\370\355 \372bytek hmotnosti zkouman\351 l\341tky" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 154 "p\370i jej\355m nasycen\355 do vhodn\351ho nosn\351ho plynu. Vypo\350t\354te ubytek etylvanilinu ( M=166,17 g/mol) po jeho \+ nasycen\355 do 100 m^3 nosn\351ho plynu p\370i teplot\354 25 \260C." } }{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 51 "Tlak nasycen\375ch par etylvanilinu je p ops\341n rovnic\355:" }}{PARA 257 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 37 "ln p [Pa] = A 1+A2/T+A3*ln(T)+A4*T^6" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 151 "s konstantami A1=133.43, A2=-16493, A3=-14.658 a A 4=0.34969e-17. Z\341rove\362 z uveden\351 rovnice vypo\350t\354te subl ima\350n\355 teplo ethylvanilinu p\370i teplot\354 25 \260C." }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 49 "[m = 30 mikro_g a Delta H(sublim) = 100,8 kJ/mo l]" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 8 "restart;" }}}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 4 "Data" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 54 "A1:=133.43; A2:=-16493.; A3:=-14.658; A4:=0.34969e-17;" }} {PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#A1G$\"&VL\"!\"#" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 " " {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#A2G$!&$\\;\"\"!" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6 #>%#A3G$!&eY\"!\"$" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#A4G$\"&p\\$!# A" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 42 "M:=0.16617; T1:=298.15 ; R:=8.314; V:=100.;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"MG$\"&%#T1G$\"&:)H!\"#" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"RG$\"%9$)!\"$" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"VG$\"$+\"\"\"!" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 " " }}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 6 "\330e\232en\355" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 32 "p:=exp(A1+A2/T+A3*ln(T)+A4*T^6);" } }{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"pG-%$expG6#,*$\"&VL\"!\"#\"\"\"*& $\"&$\\;\"\"!F,%\"TG!\"\"F2*&$\"&eY\"!\"$F,-%#lnG6#F1F,F2*&$\"&p\\$!#A F,)F1\"\"'F,F," }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 24 "p1:=evalf (subs(T=T1,p));" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%#p1G$\"+(>yL^%!#7 " }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 15 "n:=p1*V/(R*T1);" }} {PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#>%\"nG$\"+ivx?=!#8" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 7 "m:=n*M;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 12 "m_mg:=m*1e6;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 32 "DH:=expand(R*T^2*d iff(ln(p),T));" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 14 "subs(T=T1 ,DH);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 3 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 25 "V\375po\350et tlaku v autokl\341vu" }} {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 294 "Autokl\341v o objemu 1 dm^3 obsahoval po uze a) 0,1 mol n-hexanu, b) 0.5 mol n-hexanu. Autokl\341v byl v obou \+ p\370\355padech zah\370\341t na teplotu 150 \260C. Ur\350ete tlak uvni t\370 autokl\341vu. Norm\341ln\355 teplota varu hexanu je 68,74 \260C \+ a mol\341rn\355 v\375parn\341 entalpie je 28850 J /mol. [a) p = 351, 8 kPa, b) p = 711 kPa]" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 8 " restart;" }}}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 4 "Data" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 88 "V:=1e-3; Tx:=150+273.15; n1:=0.1; n2:=0.5 ; Tnbv:=68.74+273.15; pnbv:=101325.; DH:=28850;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> \+ " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 9 "R:=8.314;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 1 "a" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 14 "pg:=n1*R*Tx/V;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 " > " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 1 "b" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 14 "pg:=n2*R*Tx/V;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 42 "r:=ln(px/pnbv)=int(DH/(R*T^2),T=Tnb v..Tx);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 13 "ps:=solve(%);" } }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 15 "px:=min(pg,ps);" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 3 "" 0 " " {TEXT -1 47 "V\375po\350et konstant Clausiovy-Clapeyronovy rovnice" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 162 "Tlak nasycen\375ch par ethylacet\341tu p\370i t1 = 8,5 \260C \350in\355 p1 = 5,33 kPa a p\370i t2 = 41,4 \+ \260C je p2 = 26,66 kPa. Odhadn\354te tlak nasycen\375ch par ethylacet \341tu p\370i 85,6 \260C. " }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 16 "[p3 = 145,6 kPa]" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 8 "restart;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 4 "Data" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 25 "T1:=8.5+273.15 ; p1:=5.33;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 27 "T2:=41.4+273 .15; p2:=26.66;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 16 "T3:=85.6 +273.15;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 6 "\330e\232en\355" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 " " {MPLTEXT 1 0 15 "r:=ln(p)=A-B/T;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 22 "r1:=subs(T=T1,p=p1,r);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 22 "r2:=subs(T=T2,p=p2,r);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 21 "solve(\{r1,r2\},\{A,B\});" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 " " {MPLTEXT 1 0 10 "assign(%);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 17 "r3:=subs(T=T3,r);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 11 " solve(%,p);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 3 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 27 "\332\350innost jadern\351 elektr\341rny " }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 166 "Odhadn\354te jak\341 je maxim\341ln \355 \372\350innost jadern\351 elektr\341rny Typu VVER, pokud z litera tury v\355te, \236e z konstruk\350n\355ch d\371vod\371 nem\371\236e tl ak v prim\341rn\355m okruhu p\370ekro\350it 15 MPa." }}{PARA 0 "" 0 " " {TEXT -1 8 "[ 47 %]" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 8 "res tart;" }}}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 6 "\330e\232en\355" }} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 36 "A:=7.196210; B:=1730.63; C:= 233.426;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 19 "ps:=10^(A-B/(t+ C));" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 22 "tmax:=fsolve(ps=15e 3);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 18 "Tmax:=tmax+273.15;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 16 "Tmin:=50+273.15;" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 22 "eta:=(Tmax-Tmin)/Tmax;" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 3 "" 0 " " {TEXT -1 21 "\310aj na Mount Everestu" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 97 "Odhadn\354te, zda-li si horolezci mohou pochutnat na nejvy\232\232 \355 ho\370e sv\354ta na \350erstv\354 uva\370en\351m \350aji. " }} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 8 "restart;" }}}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 4 "Data" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 52 " p0:=101325.; T0:=273.15; h:=8850; g:=9.81; R:=8.314;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 23 "MO2:=0.032; MN2:=0.028;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 6 " \330e\232en\355" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 22 "Mvzd:=MN2 *0.8+MO2*0.2;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 21 "rho0:=p0*M vzd/(R*T0);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 24 "p:=p0*exp(-h *rho0*g/p0);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 36 "A:=7.196210 ; B:=1730.63; C:=233.426;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 19 "ps:=10^(A-B/(t+C));" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 24 " tmax:=fsolve(ps=p/1000);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 " " }}}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 3 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 21 "Odhad v\375parn\351ho tepl a" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 136 "Odhadn\354te v\375parn\351 teplo he xanu p\370i norm\341ln\355m bodu varu pomoc\355 Antoineovy rovnice a p orovnejte ho s experiment\341ln\355 hodnotou 28,9 kJ/mol. " }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 117 "[Ide\341ln\355 plyn 30.5 kJ/mol, 5 % odchylka; v dW rovnice 29,8 kJ/mol, 3 % odchylka; RK rovnice 29,5 kJ/mol, 2 % odch ylka]" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 8 "restart;" }}}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 4 "Data" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 36 "A:=6.004310; B:=1172.04; C:=224.403;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 9 "R:=8.314;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 13 "DHexp:=28900;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}}{SECT 1 {PARA 4 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 6 "\330e\232en \355" }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 28 "ps:=10^(A-B/((T-273. 15)+C));" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 33 "DH:=factor(R*T^ 2*diff(ln(ps),T));" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 20 "plot( DH,T=300..400);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 24 "T:=fsolv e(ps=101.325,T);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 3 "DH;" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 31 "odchylka:=(DH-DHexp)/DHexp*1 00;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 38 "Opravy na neide\341ln\355 chovan\355 parn\355 f\341ze" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 34 "a vdw:=2.483829; bvdw:=17.4388e-5;\n" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 22 "Bvdw:=bvdw-avdw/(R*T);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 27 "zvdw:=1+Bvdw*ps*1000/(R*T);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 15 "DHvdw:=DH*zvdw;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 34 "odchylka:=(DHvdw-DHexp)/DHexp*100;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 31 "ark:=56.7106; brk:=\01112.0879e-5;" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 25 "Brk:=brk-ark/(R*T^(3/2));" } }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 25 "zrk:=1+Brk*ps*1000/(R*T); " }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 13 "DHrk:=DH*zrk;" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 33 "odchylka:=(DHrk-DHexp)/DHexp *100;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}}}}{MARK "10" 0 }{VIEWOPTS 1 1 0 1 1 1803 1 1 1 1 } {PAGENUMBERS 0 1 2 33 1 1 }